“belirtileri muazzam,” <\/em>diye ekledi.<\/p>\nAncak, bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri kolay de\u011fil. C4 projesi pirince yeni kimyasal \u00f6zellikler, hatta yapraklar\u0131na yeni h\u00fccre yap\u0131lar\u0131, kazand\u0131ran pirin\u00e7 bitkisinin temel ya\u015fam s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden birinin genleri seviyesinde yeniden tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan farks\u0131z. Dahas\u0131, genler aras\u0131nda \u2018a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurulmu\u015f\u2019; demek oluyor ki, genetik ifade molek\u00fcllerin kendi aralar\u0131ndaki di\u011fer maddeler ve fakt\u00f6rlerle aralar\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimlere dayan\u0131yor; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hangi gen kombinasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmak kolay i\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f organizmalar\u0131n (GMO’lar) gelecekteki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ilgili de yayg\u0131n endi\u015feler var. 25 Temmuz\u2019da, Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f t\u00fcm bitkilerin — DNA d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik i\u00e7ermeyenler de dahil — Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin GMO Direktifi kapsam\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmetti; buna g\u00f6re bir GMO pazarda yer almadan \u00f6nce s\u0131k\u0131 kontrol ve resmi onay i\u015flemlerine tabi olacak.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan, Japon \u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndaki 20 A\u011fustos tarihli uzman paneli raporu ba\u015fka kaynaklardan DNA yerle\u015ftirilerek geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilen organizmalar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenleme getirirken genleri devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lan veya silinen GMO\u2019lar i\u00e7in kurallar\u0131n gev\u015fetilmesini \u00f6nerdi; gerek\u00e7e olarak da bu t\u00fcr genetik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin do\u011fada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n
MIT\u2019ten Des Marais, “\u00c7ok say\u0131da bitki biyolo\u011fu AB\u2019de k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fok oldu,”<\/em> diye yorum yapt\u0131 ve “Umar\u0131m d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleri gelecek nesil GM mahsullere daha a\u00e7\u0131k ve kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 bir zihinle yakla\u015f\u0131r” <\/em>diye ekledi. Bu arada Oxford’dan Langdale, C4 pirinci Pazar i\u00e7in haz\u0131r oldu\u011funda “farkl\u0131 temel kurallar”<\/em> olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc, “\u00f6zellikle de g\u0131da k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edildi\u011fi kadar a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 olursa.”<\/em><\/p>\nGMO ile ilgili endi\u015felerin \u00fcstesinden gelinirse, hem Des Marais hem de Langdale geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f bitkilerin \u0131s\u0131nan d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n artan n\u00fcfusunu doyurabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor; ancak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde uzun bir yol var.<\/p>\n
“Proje (C4 pirin\u00e7) hedefte, ancak gelecek y\u0131l mevcut a\u015fama sona erdikten sonra 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k m\u00fchendislik a\u015famas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 olmas\u0131 bekleniyor, bunu da muhtemelen 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k yeti\u015ftirme a\u015famas\u0131 takip edecek. Bu, biti\u015f tarihini 2039’a ta\u015f\u0131yor,”<\/em> diyor Langdale.<\/p>\nYine de, Des Marais halihaz\u0131rda yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalar\u0131 daha iyi korumak i\u00e7in de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z, bunun i\u00e7in suyu ve topra\u011f\u0131 verimi art\u0131racak \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmemiz ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin sahip olduklar\u0131 topraktan maksimum verim alabilmeleri i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 finansmana ula\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor. “10 milyar insan\u0131 beslemek i\u00e7in … daha iyi \u00e7e\u015fitlere, daha iyi mahsul sistemlerine, pazara daha iyi eri\u015fime ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak,” diyor. “GM bunun bir par\u00e7as\u0131, ama muhtemelen en kritik olan\u0131 de\u011fil.”<\/p>\n
\u00a9 2018 The Mainichi Newspapers Co. T\u00fcm haklar\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130zin \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13292,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-49092","perspectives","type-perspectives","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
J-WAFS nas\u0131l k\u00fcresel etki yarat\u0131yor - Abdul Latif Jameel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"J-WAFS nas\u0131l k\u00fcresel etki yarat\u0131yor - Abdul Latif Jameel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011fundan beri, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)\u2019teki Abdul Latif Jameel Su ve G\u0131da Sistemleri Laboratuvar\u0131 (J-WAFS) iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya genelinde artan kentle\u015fme ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda su ve g\u0131da sorunlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada dikkat topluyor. 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G\u0131dan\u0131n gelece\u011fi: geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f mahsullerle \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek Yazan Robert […]","og_url":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/","og_site_name":"Abdul Latif Jameel","article_modified_time":"2026-05-12T13:45:57+00:00","og_image":[{"width":754,"height":566,"url":"https:\/\/media.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Future-of-food.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"6 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/","url":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/","name":"J-WAFS nas\u0131l k\u00fcresel etki yarat\u0131yor - Abdul Latif Jameel","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/10.0.2.222\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/media.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Future-of-food.png","datePublished":"2019-02-18T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-12T13:45:57+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/media.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Future-of-food.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/media.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Future-of-food.png","width":754,"height":566},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/perspectives\/future-food-j-wafs-making-global-impact\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/10.0.2.222\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"J-WAFS nas\u0131l k\u00fcresel etki yarat\u0131yor"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/10.0.2.222\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/10.0.2.222\/en\/","name":"Abdul Latif Jameel","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/10.0.2.222\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"tr"}]}},"post-meta-fields":{"old_post_id":["20022"],"content":["<p>2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011fundan beri, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)\u2019teki Abdul Latif Jameel Su ve G\u0131da Sistemleri Laboratuvar\u0131 (J-WAFS) iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya genelinde artan kentle\u015fme ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda su ve g\u0131da sorunlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada dikkat topluyor.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>G\u0131dan\u0131n gelece\u011fi: geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f mahsullerle \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Yazan Robert Sakai-Irvine, <a href=\"https:\/\/mainichi.jp\/english\/\">The Mainichi<\/a> Staff Writer<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Japonya'n\u0131n ulusal g\u00fcnl\u00fck gazetesi Mainichi Shimbun\u2019un \u0130ngilizce haber sitesi The Mainichi k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, mahsul diren\u00e7lili\u011fi ve gen d\u00fczeltme ile ilgili J-WAFS\u2019\u0130n finanse etti\u011fi heyecan verici bir projeye de g\u00f6z atan, g\u0131dan\u0131n gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131ndaki bir makalede J-WAFS\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Orijinal olarak 28 Kas\u0131m 2018 tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/mainichi.jp\/english\/articles\/20181128\/p2a\/00m\/0na\/006000c\"><em>makale<\/em><\/a><em> izin al\u0131narak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya kopyalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>DNA\u2019s\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelecek \u015fekilde ayarlanm\u0131\u015f bu\u011fday ve s\u0131cak ve kuru hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda geli\u015fecek \u015fekilde yeniden tasarlanm\u0131\u015f pirin\u00e7. Bu t\u00fcr geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f g\u0131dalar\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde yemek masalar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam ediyor; daha s\u0131cak, baz\u0131 yerleri daha kuru ve daha yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu, gezegenimizin gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fekilde, yeni pirincin 2039 civar\u0131nda kaselerde yerini almas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Massachusetts Institute of Technology (<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/\"><em>MIT<\/em><\/a><em>)\u2019te yer alan <\/em><em>Abdul Latif Jameel<\/em><em> Su ve G\u0131da Sistemleri Laboratuvar\u0131 (<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/jwafs.mit.edu\/\"><em>J-WAFS<\/em><\/a><em>) direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Profes\u00f6r John H. Lienhard V, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/mainichi.jp\/english\/\"><em>The Mainichi<\/em><\/a><em>\u2019ye e-postayla g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi yorumlar\u0131nda, \"\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kesiminde g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck tehdit olu\u015fturuyor,\"<\/em> diyor. \u015eunlar\u0131 ekliyor; <em>\"g\u0131da \u00fcretimi uygulamalar\u0131nda ve hatta beslenme rejimimizdeki temel g\u0131dalarda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler gerekecek.\"<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19859\" src=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2019\/01\/IPCC-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"432\" height=\"216\" \/>Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler ve H\u00fck\u00fcmetler Aras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/\">IPCC<\/a>)\u2019ye g\u00f6re mahsul verimi y\u00fckselen her derece s\u0131cakl\u0131k i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 5 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\r\n<p>Bu arada, 8 Ekim tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan bir IPCC raporu, 2030 geldi\u011finde sanayi devrimi \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6re D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ortalama 1,5 Santigrat derece saha s\u0131cak olabilece\u011fini ifade ediyor. Bu daha s\u0131cak d\u00fcnya ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarda belirgin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015flerle birlikte gelebilir: Meksika, g\u00fcney Afrika, Orta Do\u011fu ve g\u00fcney \u00c7in\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda y\u00fczde 5 ila 10; g\u00fcney Avrupa ve Kuzey Afrika\u2019n\u0131n baz\u0131 yerlerinde y\u00fczde 20\u2019ye kadar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, BM tahminlerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusu 2050 itibariyle 9,73 milyara, 2100 itibariyle 11,2 milyara kadar artmaya devam edecek.<\/p>\r\n<p>Japonya\u2019da Kabine\u2019nin 2015 iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi adaptasyon plan\u0131 pirin\u00e7 veriminin d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti. Dahas\u0131, IPCC'nin en k\u00f6t\u00fc 3 derece \u0131s\u0131nma senaryosuna g\u00f6re, <em>\"e\u011fer y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlere kayma devam etmezse birinci s\u0131n\u0131f pirincin oran\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda azalacak,\"<\/em> \u00fclkenin kuzeyi hari\u00e7.<\/p>\r\n<p>MIT'ten Lienhard herkesin g\u0131da israf etmeyerek, ye\u015fil enerji kullanarak ve <em>\"ki\u015fisel g\u0131da tercihlerinizin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011finin nas\u0131l asgari d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilece\u011fini\"<\/em>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek bu tehditlerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini kaydetti. Bu s\u0131rada, <em>\"bilim ve teknoloji \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar elde etmeyi hedefleyecek.\"<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>Kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u00e7ok su istemeyen mahsuller.<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Verimi y\u00fcksek tutmak i\u00e7in, \"bizim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131m\u0131zla \u2013 h\u00fccre biyolojisinden t\u00fcm bitki fizyolojisine kadar kapsayan -- tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z genlerin ve metabolik yollar\u0131n GM (genetik modifikasyon) m\u00fcdahalesi i\u00e7in iyi adaylar olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum\"<\/em> dedi MIT \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi <a href=\"https:\/\/cee.mit.edu\/people_individual\/david-des-marais\/\">David Des Marais<\/a> e-posta r\u00f6portaj\u0131nda, The Mainichi\u2019ye.<\/p>\r\n<p>Des Marais ve ekibi bu\u011fday ve pirin\u00e7le ili\u015fkili bir \u00e7im t\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u0131s\u0131 ve su bask\u0131s\u0131na tepkinin genetik temellerini bulmak i\u00e7in J-WAFS\u2019\u0131n destekledi\u011fi bir proje \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n harekete ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi gen a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 ve bitkilerin hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in besin gibi kaynaklar\u0131 nas\u0131l payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yorlar. S\u00f6zlerine ekibin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na dayanan genetik d\u00fczeltmenin <em>\"d\u00fcnya genelinde risk alt\u0131ndaki yerlerde mahsul direncini ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in iyi bir f\u0131rsat olabilece\u011fini\"<\/em> ekledi.<\/p>\r\n<p>Des Marais\u2019in <em>\"\u00e7ok heyecan verici\" <\/em>addetti\u011fi bir ba\u015fka g\u0130ri\u015fim de C4 Pirin\u00e7 Projesi. Ana merkezi \u0130ngiltere Oxford \u00dcniversitesi olan 10 enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir giri\u015fim olan projenin hedefi fotosentez s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fcretti\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 karbon molek\u00fcl\u00fc nedeniyle \"C3\" bitkisi olarak an\u0131lan pirinci genetik olarak \"C4\" bitkisine de\u011fi\u015ftirmek. Bu bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcndeki kimyasal i\u015flemler C3 kuzenlerine k\u0131yasla g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinin fotosentez -- karbon dioksit ve sudan glikoz \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullanma -- yoluyla bitkinin kullanabilece\u011fi (ve baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bizim yiyebilece\u011fimiz) formlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde \u00e7ok daha etkili. K\u0131sacas\u0131, C4 bitkileri ayn\u0131 miktarda g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla tanecik \u00fcretir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_19860\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"800\"]<img class=\"wp-image-19860 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Rice-field.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" \/> <span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">06\/07\/15 tarihli bu foto\u011frafta g\u00fcney \u0130baraki Prefekt\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc'ndeki pirin\u00e7 tarlalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Foto\u011fraf: \u00a9 Mainichi\/Takuma Nakamura<\/span>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Dahas\u0131 proje ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Oxford profes\u00f6r\u00fc Jane Langdale e-posta yaz\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda The Mainichi\u2019ye, <em>\"C4 bitkileri s\u0131cak ve kuru yerlerde \u00e7ok iyi sonu\u00e7 veriyor; genellikle daha az nitrojen ve daha az su kullanarak C3 bitkilerinden y\u00fczde 50 daha fazla verim sa\u011fl\u0131yor,\"<\/em> dedi ki, bu da bitki metabolizmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri daha az ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan \u0131s\u0131nmakta olan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n <em>\"belirtileri muazzam,\" <\/em>diye ekledi.<\/p>\r\n<p>Ancak, bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri kolay de\u011fil. C4 projesi pirince yeni kimyasal \u00f6zellikler, hatta yapraklar\u0131na yeni h\u00fccre yap\u0131lar\u0131, kazand\u0131ran pirin\u00e7 bitkisinin temel ya\u015fam s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden birinin genleri seviyesinde yeniden tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan farks\u0131z. Dahas\u0131, genler aras\u0131nda \u2018a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurulmu\u015f\u2019; demek oluyor ki, genetik ifade molek\u00fcllerin kendi aralar\u0131ndaki di\u011fer maddeler ve fakt\u00f6rlerle aralar\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimlere dayan\u0131yor; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hangi gen kombinasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmak kolay i\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\r\n<p>Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f organizmalar\u0131n (GMO'lar) gelecekteki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ilgili de yayg\u0131n endi\u015feler var. 25 Temmuz\u2019da, Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f t\u00fcm bitkilerin -- DNA d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik i\u00e7ermeyenler de dahil -- Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin GMO Direktifi kapsam\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmetti; buna g\u00f6re bir GMO pazarda yer almadan \u00f6nce s\u0131k\u0131 kontrol ve resmi onay i\u015flemlerine tabi olacak.<\/p>\r\n<p>Di\u011fer yandan, Japon \u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndaki 20 A\u011fustos tarihli uzman paneli raporu ba\u015fka kaynaklardan DNA yerle\u015ftirilerek geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilen organizmalar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenleme getirirken genleri devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lan veya silinen GMO\u2019lar i\u00e7in kurallar\u0131n gev\u015fetilmesini \u00f6nerdi; gerek\u00e7e olarak da bu t\u00fcr genetik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin do\u011fada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\r\n<p>MIT\u2019ten Des Marais,<em> \"\u00c7ok say\u0131da bitki biyolo\u011fu AB\u2019de k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fok oldu,\"<\/em> diye yorum yapt\u0131 ve <em>\"Umar\u0131m d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleri gelecek nesil GM mahsullere daha a\u00e7\u0131k ve kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 bir zihinle yakla\u015f\u0131r\" <\/em>diye ekledi. Bu arada Oxford'dan Langdale, C4 pirinci Pazar i\u00e7in haz\u0131r oldu\u011funda <em>\"farkl\u0131 temel kurallar\"<\/em> olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc, <em>\"\u00f6zellikle de g\u0131da k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edildi\u011fi kadar a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 olursa.\"<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>GMO ile ilgili endi\u015felerin \u00fcstesinden gelinirse, hem Des Marais hem de Langdale geneti\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f bitkilerin \u0131s\u0131nan d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n artan n\u00fcfusunu doyurabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor; ancak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde uzun bir yol var.<\/p>\r\n<p><em>\"Proje (C4 pirin\u00e7) hedefte, ancak gelecek y\u0131l mevcut a\u015fama sona erdikten sonra 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k m\u00fchendislik a\u015famas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 olmas\u0131 bekleniyor, bunu da muhtemelen 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k yeti\u015ftirme a\u015famas\u0131 takip edecek. Bu, biti\u015f tarihini 2039'a ta\u015f\u0131yor,\"<\/em> diyor Langdale.<\/p>\r\n<p>Yine de, Des Marais halihaz\u0131rda yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalar\u0131 daha iyi korumak i\u00e7in de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z, bunun i\u00e7in suyu ve topra\u011f\u0131 verimi art\u0131racak \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmemiz ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin sahip olduklar\u0131 topraktan maksimum verim alabilmeleri i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 finansmana ula\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor. \"10 milyar insan\u0131 beslemek i\u00e7in ... daha iyi \u00e7e\u015fitlere, daha iyi mahsul sistemlerine, pazara daha iyi eri\u015fime ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak,\" diyor. \"GM bunun bir par\u00e7as\u0131, ama muhtemelen en kritik olan\u0131 de\u011fil.\"<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a9 2018 The Mainichi Newspapers Co. T\u00fcm haklar\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130zin \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>"],"_content":[""],"published_date":["20190218"],"_published_date":["field_6057129b493f5"],"location":["Boston, ABD"],"_location":["field_601267396ce72"],"business_sector":["Community Jameel"],"_business_sector":["field_66f6b5bcac8cb"],"short_title":["J-WAFS nas\u0131l k\u00fcresel etki yarat\u0131yor"],"_short_title":["field_60925d67125ef"],"summary":["<p>2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011fundan beri, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)\u2019teki Abdul Latif Jameel Su ve G\u0131da Sistemleri Laboratuvar\u0131 (J-WAFS) iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya genelinde artan kentle\u015fme ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda su ve g\u0131da sorunlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada dikkat topluyor.<\/p>"],"_summary":["field_6019304103a20"],"_wpml_word_count":["{\"total\":1068,\"to_translate\":{\"ar\":1068,\"zh-hans\":1068,\"en\":1068,\"fr\":1068,\"ja\":1068,\"es\":1068}}"],"_wp_old_date":["2026-03-16"],"status":["publish"],"_thumbnail_id":["13292"],"mobile_featured_image":["https:\/\/media.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Future-of-food.png"],"_mobile_featured_image":["field_66f6b4bee65f3"],"_edit_lock":["1778593793:22"],"_edit_last":["22"],"_status":["field_652694983fe12"],"featured":["0"],"_featured":["field_601a3b473c5c5"],"footnotes":[""],"_footnotes":["field_66fd39afb9383"],"content_series":[""],"_content_series":["field_66fe3c439f8f6"],"_old_post_id":["field_66fe3fd59f8f7"],"push_notification":[""],"_push_notification":["field_66f6b47de65f1"],"publish_mobile":["0"],"_publish_mobile":["field_66f6b491e65f2"],"_ame_cpe_post_policy":["{\"accessProtection\":{\"active\":\"replace\"}}"],"_wpml_media_duplicate":["1"],"_wpml_media_featured":["1"],"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":["30"],"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":["6"]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/perspectives\/49092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/perspectives"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/perspectives"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2019\/01\/IPCC-1.jpg\")
Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler ve H\u00fck\u00fcmetler Aras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli (IPCC<\/a>)\u2019ye g\u00f6re mahsul verimi y\u00fckselen her derece s\u0131cakl\u0131k i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 5 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Rice-field.jpg\")