{"id":16019,"date":"2023-04-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/perspectives\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9\/"},"modified":"2026-03-18T11:47:47","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T11:47:47","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"perspectives","link":"https:\/\/cms.alj3.clients.lemonhq.io\/ar\/perspectives\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_107685\" style=\"width: 231px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-107685\" class=\"size-full wp-image-107685\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Erik-Solheim.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"221\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-107685\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>: &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_107678\" style=\"width: 197px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-107678\" class=\"size-full wp-image-107678\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Bernard-Forest-de-Belidor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"201\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-107678\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 (1698 &#8211; 1761) \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a)\u00a0 \u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2000 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 <em>Architecture Hydraulique<\/em> <a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1940\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f 40% \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_107727\" style=\"width: 1930px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-107727\" class=\"size-full wp-image-107727\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ryan-thorpe-FNlP1eAdh_Q-unsplash.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-107727\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0641\u0631. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u00a9 Ryan Thorpe<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f 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\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 70\u066a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107657\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1845-ALJ-Hydropower-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1465\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a 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name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 30\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 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id=\"caption-attachment-107720\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u00a9 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631 Percheron Power<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a> \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 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src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Malcolm-Turnbull.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"212\" height=\"176\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-107713\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":16007,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-16019","perspectives","type-perspectives","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 - Abdul Latif Jameel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 - Abdul Latif Jameel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/blog\/with-hydropower-we-can-create-a-renewable-and-resilient-energy-system\">https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/blog\/with-hydropower-we-can-create-a-renewable-and-resilient-energy-system<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/history-hydropower\">https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/history-hydropower<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/blog\/blog-hydropower-growth-and-development-through-the-decades\">https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/blog\/blog-hydropower-growth-and-development-through-the-decades<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-economist-explains\/2022\/12\/05\/can-hydropower-help-ease-europes-energy-crisis\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-economist-explains\/2022\/12\/05\/can-hydropower-help-ease-europes-energy-crisis<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfordbusinessgroup.com\/news\/storage-technology-could-elevate-hydropower-role-global-energy-transition?utm_source=Oxford%20Business%20Group&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=13441313_ESG_Hydropower_September%201&amp;utm_content=eu-september-2022&amp;dm_i=1P7V,803DT,QZEKVW,WQ8U8,1\">https:\/\/oxfordbusinessgroup.com\/news\/storage-technology-could-elevate-hydropower-role-global-energy-transition?utm_source=Oxford%20Business%20Group&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=13441313_ESG_Hydropower_September%201&amp;utm_content=eu-september-2022&amp;dm_i=1P7V,803DT,QZEKVW,WQ8U8,1<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elingexperience.co.uk\/a-brief-history\">https:\/\/www.elingexperience.co.uk\/a-brief-history<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/tidalpower.co.uk\/tidal-power-schemes\">http:\/\/tidalpower.co.uk\/tidal-power-schemes<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/7ebafc81-74ed-412b-9c60-5cc32c8396e4\/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector-SummaryforPolicyMakers_CORR.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/7ebafc81-74ed-412b-9c60-5cc32c8396e4\/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector-SummaryforPolicyMakers_CORR.pdf<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/hydropower-special-market-report\/executive-summary\">https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/hydropower-special-market-report\/executive-summary<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-americas\/2019\/08\/22\/a-secret-hydropower-deal-with-brazil-causes-a-political-crisis-in-paraguay\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-americas\/2019\/08\/22\/a-secret-hydropower-deal-with-brazil-causes-a-political-crisis-in-paraguay<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/leaders\/2020\/05\/14\/if-china-wont-build-fewer-dams-it-could-at-least-share-information\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/leaders\/2020\/05\/14\/if-china-wont-build-fewer-dams-it-could-at-least-share-information<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/nov\/17\/us-dam-removal-endangered-salmon-klamath-river\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/nov\/17\/us-dam-removal-endangered-salmon-klamath-river<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/nov\/17\/us-dam-removal-endangered-salmon-klamath-river\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/nov\/17\/us-dam-removal-endangered-salmon-klamath-river<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/publications\/hydropower-sustainability-assessment-protocol\">https:\/\/www.hydropower.org\/publications\/hydropower-sustainability-assessment-protocol<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-economist-explains\/2022\/12\/05\/can-hydropower-help-ease-europes-energy-crisis\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-economist-explains\/2022\/12\/05\/can-hydropower-help-ease-europes-energy-crisis<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-world-ahead\/2022\/11\/18\/americas-reservoirs-are-drying-up\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-world-ahead\/2022\/11\/18\/americas-reservoirs-are-drying-up<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/hydropower-technology-development#LowHeadHydropower\">https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/hydropower-technology-development#LowHeadHydropower<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/articles\/21st-century-archimedes-screw-new-materials-and-manufacturing-techniques-enable\">https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/articles\/21st-century-archimedes-screw-new-materials-and-manufacturing-techniques-enable<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/hydropower-technology-development\">https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/water\/hydropower-technology-development<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf<\/a> Page 26\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf<\/a> Page 30\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf\">https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/83ff8935-62dd-4150-80a8-c5001b740e21\/HydropowerSpecialMarketReport.pdf<\/a> Page 13\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/letters\/2022\/07\/14\/letters-to-the-editor\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/letters\/2022\/07\/14\/letters-to-the-editor<\/a>"],"_business_sector":["field_66f6b5bcac8cb"],"business_sector":["\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629"],"_content_series":["field_66fe3c439f8f6"],"content_series":[""],"_old_post_id":["field_66fe3fd59f8f7"],"old_post_id":["107777"],"_short_title":["field_60925d67125ef"],"short_title":["\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 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